A surveillance case definition is a set of uniform criteria used to define a disease for public health surveillance. Meningococcal disease is rare but potentially deadly for people your age you are at increased risk from your midtolate teens into your early 20s disease can come on suddenly, without warning, and can quickly become lifethreatening the disease can result in severe, lifelong disability, such as hearing loss. Meningococcal disease is a bacterial infection caused by neisseria meningitidis. In canada, infection often happens during the winter and spring months. Lac dept of public health vpdc alerts and whats new. Meningococcal disease is an acute, potentially severe illness caused by the bacterium neisseria meningitidis. The meningococcal vaccine protects you from four types of bacteria that cause meningococcal disease. Invasive meningococcal disease is caused by a bacteria called neisseria meningitidis and typically manifests as a blood infection, meningitis, or both. Invasive meningococcal disease is caused by a bacteria called neisseria.
Meningococcal vaccine information for the public faqs on the cdc website. Meningococcal disease florida department of health. The incubation period of meningococcal disease is 3 to 4 days, with a range of 2 to 10 days. The meningococcal vaccine can prevent meningitis infection. The first definitive description of the disease was by vieusseux in switzerland in 1805. When the linings of the brain and spinal cord become infected, it is called meningitis. Report confirmed or suspect cases immediately to the local health department meningococcal disease is any infection caused by the bacterium neisseria meningitidis, or meningococcus. Meningococcal disease is spread from close and prolonged contact with an infected person through saliva or secretions fluids from the nose and throat. Epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases pink book webinar series meningococcal2019 accreditation statements. In ireland the risk of infection is highest in winter and early spring. Meningoccocal disease is a rare, vaccinepreventable infection caused by the bacteria neisseria meningitidis.
Immunization news new york state department of health. Meningococcal information, communicable disease service. Meningococcal disease california department of public health. Immunology and vaccinepreventable diseases pink book 2015. Guidance for health professionals on diagnoses, prevention and treatment of meningococcal disease guidance for higher education institutions on raising awareness and helping to prevent. Meningococcal disease can strike babies, children and adults anywhere, at any time. Center for disease control and preventions cdc meningococcal vaccine chapter within the pink book. The casefatality rate for meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia is. Meningococcal vaccinations texas department of state. Symptoms may include sudden onset of fever, headache, rash, limb pain, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, photophobia eyes being more sensitive to light, and altered mental status confusion.
The disease strikes quickly and can have serious complications, including death. The annual incidence of all meningococcal disease in the united states is 1. Common symptoms of meningococcal disease include high fever, neck stiffness, confusion, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, andor petechial or purpuric rash. What is the history of meningococcal disease in america. There is an average of almost 200 cases per year in canada. Meningococcal disease meningococcal immunization coalition. Accessible versions of tables are available on the immunization branch disease info and reports webpage. One serious infection it can cause is meningococcal meningitis inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord. Meningococcal disease chapter 022017 meningococcal disease case report imm23 facts for health professionals 022017 normally sterile sites. It occurs in a worldwide distribution as endemic disease in certain countries or in epidemics. Vaccinepreventable disease surveillance in california, 2017. Mmwr morbidity and mortality weekly report from march 22, 20. Meningococcal meningitis is characterized by sudden onset of headache, fever, and stiffness of the neck, sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photophobia, or altered mental status.
Welcome to cdc stacks centers for disease control and. Meningococcal disease is a lifethreatening infection. Pneumococcal disease, selected references and minor errata. Fact sheets and timing meningococcal disease cdc pink book. Vaccinepreventable disease surveillance in california, 2017 persons using assistive technology may not be able to fully access all of the data tables in this report. Etiologic agent neisseria meningitidis is a gramnegative diplococcal bacterium. Meningococcal disease is caused by bacteria called neisseria meningitidis. Examples include kissing, sneezing or coughing, living in close quarters with an infected person, sharing eating or drinking utensils.
Meningitis is the most common presentation of invasive. Approximately 8001,500 cases of meningococcal disease occur annually in the united states, a. Meningococcal b disease is most common in children under one year of age. Meningococcal disease neisseria meningitidis 2010 case definition recommend on facebook tweet share compartir note. There is, however, a lack of consensus on the clinical and public health management of primary meningococcal conjunctivitis pmc. Meningococcal disease is a serious and potentially lifethreatening infection caused by the bacterium neisseria meningitidis. Babies and children up to the age of 5 years this group accounts for two thirds of cases due to their less mature immune system and tendency to put things in their mouth and share food, drink and toys teenagers and young adults from 15 to 24 years primarily because of the. Recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices acip cdc. In order to estimate the potential impact of the new 4cmenb vaccine, the distribution of n. Meningococcal disease occurs throughout the year, however, the incidence is highest in the late winter and early spring. Epidemiology and prevention of vaccinepreventable diseases. Surveillance and reporting of meningococcal disease. The state university of new york is writing to inform you about meningococcal disease, a potentially fatal bacterial infection commonly referred to as meningitis, and a new law in new york state. Serogroup b is currently responsible for most imd cases.
Illness believed to be meningococcal disease was first reported in the 16th century. Pinkbook meningococcal epidemiology of vaccine preventable. Men b is the most common strain in the uk but other strains include men a, men c, men w and men y. The best way to protect yourself against meningococcal disease is to get vaccinated before you are exposed. Meningococcal disease information for health care professionals. Vaccinepreventable diseases the pink book includes substantive. Invasive disease can present as an infection around the brain and spinal cord meningitis, a blood stream infection meningococcemia, or both. Meningococcal disease usually presents clinically as meningitis about 50% of cases, bacteremia 38% of cases, or bacteremic pneumonia 9% of cases. Meningococcal meningitis is a serious disease even with treatment. In studies of households in which a case of meningococcal disease has occurred, only 3%4% of households had secondary cases.
Sample parent letter for meningococcal notification. Meningitis is an infection of the spinal fluid and of the membranes surrounding the brain the. Ce instructions for pink book webinar series meningococcal. Meningococcal disease 14 meningococcal disease is an acute, potentially severe illness caused by the bacterium.
The pink book supplement is a resource intended for immunization providers, and includes supplementary immunization information on human papillomavirus vaccine. This illness can cause meningitis, an infection of the lining around the brain or spinal cord. The pink book provides physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, pharmacists, and others with the most comprehensive information on routinely used vaccines and the disease they prevent. Estimates of the burden of meningococcal disease in italy. Two types of vaccines can protect against several kinds of meningococcal disease. Meningococcal disease generally occurs 110 days after exposure and presents as meningitis in. Pink book on immunization chapter on meningococcal disease. Meningococcal vaccine information for healthcare professionals on the cdc website. Symptoms of invasive meningococcal disease happen between two to 10 days after exposure, most typically between 34 days. Death is more common in those with coma, hypotension, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia and among those who do not have meningitis. Meningococcal disease is rare but potentially deadly for people your age you are at increased risk from your midtolate teens into your early 20s disease can come on suddenly, without warning, and can quickly become lifethreatening. It is a term used to describe two major illnesses, meningitis and septicaemia blood poisoning. Meningococcemia nord national organization for rare. The next highest risk group are young people aged 1519 years.